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The Independent Institute is an American libertarian conservative think tank based in Oakland, California. Its stated mission is "to boldly advance peaceful, prosperous, and free societies, grounded in a commitment to human worth and dignity."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/aboutus/ )〕 Founded in 1986 by David J. Theroux,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1023 )〕 the Institute focuses on political, social, economic, legal, environmental and foreign policy issues. It has more than 140 research fellows. The Institute was originally established in San Francisco, was re-located in 1989 to Oakland, and since 2006, has had an office in Washington, D.C. The Institute is organized into seven centers addressing a range of issues. According to the ''2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report'' (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), the Institute is ranked number 54 (of 60) in the "Top Think Tanks in the United States". ==Publications and programs== The results of the Institute's work are published as books and other publications and form the basis for conferences and media programs. Since 1996, the Institute has published the quarterly, scholarly journal, ''The Independent Review'',〔; 〕 whose Founding Editor and Editor at Large is the economist and historian Robert Higgs and Co-Editors are Christopher Coyne, Michael Munger, and Robert Whaples (Wake Forest University). ''The Independent Review'' is peer-reviewed and includes articles in economics, political science, law, history, philosophy and sociology.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/ )〕 Articles on the Institute's findings are published in newspapers, magazines and journals, and its fellows appear on various television and radio programs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/multimedia/?type=1 )〕 In addition, the Institute conducts conference programs for scholars, business leaders, the media, policy makers and the general public. The Institute's Independent Policy Forum includes seminars by historians and economists including James M. Buchanan,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/events/detail.asp?eventID=80 )〕 legal scholars, foreign policy experts, criminologists, authors of such disparate personality and political temperament as Gore Vidal〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/events/transcript.asp?eventID=12 )〕 and P. J. O'Rourke,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/events/transcript.asp?id=124 )〕 human rights leaders, scientists, jurists, journalists, and business leaders. Its program in criminal justice sponsored a series of televised debates on PBS-TV, ''Stopping Violent Crime: New Directions for Reduction and Prevention'', moderated by Harvard law professor Arthur R. Miller, and former U.S. Attorney General Richard Thornburgh, Federal Judge David Sentelle, civil libertarian writer Wendy Kaminer, and others. In 2006 the Institute opened an office in Washington and expanded its media program, including a weekly column by Senior Fellow Álvaro Vargas Llosa in the ''Washington Post.'' In 2006 the Institute released an ''Open Letter on Immigration'', signed by more than 500 economists, including five Nobel laureates, and received editorial endorsements in the ''New York Times'' and ''Wall Street Journal''. In 2010, the Institute began a satellite website MyGovCost.org which features the headline "What is government spending costing ''you''?". The site includes a calculator which asks for visitors' education, income, and age, and then calculates the person's share of government spending and debt for the current year, as well as for the person's remaining projected lifespan. The site also features a blog with news and analysis of examples of government waste, mismanagement, and fiscal irresponsibility.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MyGovCost.org )〕 The Institute operates programs for students, including an essay contest for college students, summer seminars for high school and college students, student internships, and tuition assistance for disadvantaged families to send their children to private schools (Independent Scholarship Fund).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.independent.org/students/ )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent Institute」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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